Philanthropy is largely funding this field today, but in time, governments will need to take up funding and coordination of research. This session offers a first-hand readout on where government research into Earth system stabilization stands: what's moving, where the obstacles are, and what needs to happen next. Ricken Patel, Principal of Climate Hub and co-founder of Democracy Network, covers China, India, and the governments moving to form a first-mover bloc. Craig Segall, previously Deputy Director at the California Air Resources Board (CARB), covers the US. Farhan Akhtar, previously head of climate science and negotiations at the US State Department, shares insights on UNEA, AMCEN, and COP.